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Tax

Capital gains tax calculator

Estimate the tax on the profit from selling shares or mutual fund units.

Your sales

Add each sale as its own row. Prices are per unit (one share, one unit, one gram). Every sale must be in the same financial year (1 April to 31 March).

  1. Sale 1

    Brokerage and transfer costs on the whole sale.

1 of 50 sales
Your year
Tax regime

Slab rates differ. Gains at flat rates are the same in both.

Salary, interest, rent and so on for the same year. Take off any deductions you claim (such as 80C) yourself; the standard deduction is handled below. Leave blank for none.

Version 1 is for residents of India below 60. Senior and super-senior slabs are not modelled.

Working it out

Loading the tax rules. This takes a moment the first time.

How is this taxed

These are the rules the calculator uses, read from the same data file. Each row applies to sales made on or after the date in the first column, until the next row for the same asset begins.

Short-term rule, long-term rule and holding period for each asset, with the date each rule began
AssetSales fromShort-term gainLong-term gainWhen it counts as long-termTax-free each year
Listed shares1 Apr 201815% flat10% flatLong-term if held more than 12 months₹1,00,000 of long-term gains
Listed shares23 Jul 202420% flat12.5% flatLong-term if held more than 12 months₹1,25,000 of long-term gains
Equity mutual fund1 Apr 201815% flat10% flatLong-term if held more than 12 months₹1,00,000 of long-term gains
Equity mutual fund23 Jul 202420% flat12.5% flatLong-term if held more than 12 months₹1,25,000 of long-term gains
Debt mutual fund1 Apr 2023Your slab rateYour slab rateNo split: always treated as short-termNone
Gold or gold ETF23 Jul 2024Your slab rate12.5% flatLong-term if held more than 24 monthsNone
Listed bond23 Jul 2024Your slab rate12.5% flatLong-term if held more than 12 monthsNone
Unlisted shares23 Jul 2024Your slab rate12.5% flatLong-term if held more than 24 monthsNone
Crypto1 Apr 202230% flat30% flatNo split: one rate whatever the holding periodNone
Notes on each rule
Listed shares
  • Applies to a resident individual selling on a recognised exchange with STT paid (1961 Act ss.111A/112A; Income-tax Act 2025 ss.196/198). Sales without STT are not supported and the engine assumes STT was paid.
  • The annual long-term exemption is a single amount per financial year across all equity and equity-fund sales, applied after loss set-off. The engine uses the amount in force on the last day of the financial year, because the CBDT FAQ says the increase to 1.25 lakh applies for FY 2024-25 as a whole.
  • Budget 2026-27 (Finance Bill 2026) proposed no change to ss.196/197/198 rates, the 12-month period or the 1,25,000 exemption; its capital-gains changes were share buy-back taxation and the Sovereign Gold Bond exemption. Buy-backs are not supported by this engine.
Equity mutual fund
  • Applies to a resident individual selling on a recognised exchange with STT paid (1961 Act ss.111A/112A; Income-tax Act 2025 ss.196/198). Sales without STT are not supported and the engine assumes STT was paid.
  • The annual long-term exemption is a single amount per financial year across all equity and equity-fund sales, applied after loss set-off. The engine uses the amount in force on the last day of the financial year, because the CBDT FAQ says the increase to 1.25 lakh applies for FY 2024-25 as a whole.
  • Budget 2026-27 (Finance Bill 2026) proposed no change to ss.196/197/198 rates, the 12-month period or the 1,25,000 exemption; its capital-gains changes were share buy-back taxation and the Sovereign Gold Bond exemption. Buy-backs are not supported by this engine.
  • Applies to units of an "equity oriented fund" (65% or more in domestic listed equity, or 90% in an equity-oriented fund of funds). Whether a fund qualifies is the caller's classification.
Debt mutual fund
  • Specified mutual fund units acquired on or after 2023-04-01 (1961 Act s.50AA): gains are deemed short-term and taxed at slab rates whatever the holding period.
  • Units acquired BEFORE 2023-04-01 follow different rules (24-month/36-month long-term periods and 20% with indexation, later 12.5%) and are NOT supported; the engine rejects such lots.
  • Definition of "specified mutual fund" changed from 2025-04-01 (FY 2025-26): earlier a fund with at most 35% in domestic equity, now a fund investing more than 65% in debt and money-market instruments (or in such funds). Which funds qualify is the caller's classification; hybrid and arbitrage funds that are equity-oriented belong to equity-mf.
Gold or gold ETF
  • Physical gold, gold ETFs and other units of non-equity funds: long-term only after 24 months, long-term gain taxed at 12.5% without indexation, short-term gain at slab rates, for transfers on or after 2024-07-23.
  • Rules for earlier transfers (36 months, 20% with indexation) are NOT supported, so this table starts on 2024-07-23.
  • Sovereign Gold Bonds redeemed at maturity are exempt (and from Budget 2026-27 only if bought at original issue and held to maturity); an exchange sale before maturity is not modelled here.
  • Gold ETFs are treated as 24-month assets (units of a non-equity-oriented fund are not "listed securities (other than a unit)"). This classification comes from reading the CBDT FAQ (gold: 24 months) plus the freefincal reckoner; the s.2(42A) text was not read directly.
Listed bond
  • Listed bonds and debentures (securities other than units) held more than 12 months are long-term; long-term gain 12.5% without indexation, short-term gain at slab rates, for transfers on or after 2024-07-23.
  • Earlier rules (10% without indexation or 20% with indexation) are NOT supported. Unlisted bonds/debentures and market-linked debentures are always short-term under s.50AA and are NOT supported here.
Unlisted shares
  • Unlisted shares held more than 24 months are long-term; long-term gain 12.5% without indexation, short-term gain at slab rates, for transfers on or after 2024-07-23.
  • Earlier rules (20% with indexation) are NOT supported. Budget 2026-27 buy-back changes are not supported.
Crypto
  • Virtual digital assets (1961 Act s.115BBH; Income-tax Act 2025 s.194 Table item 4): flat 30% on the gain with no deduction other than cost of acquisition, no set-off of any loss (not even against another virtual digital asset) and no carry-forward. Cess applies.
  • The 1% TDS on transfers (1961 Act s.194S) is a withholding that is credited against this tax; it is not an additional tax and is not modelled.
  • Surcharge on this income is NOT capped at 15% (the cap covers dividends and capital gains under ss.111A/112/112A only), see the Finance Bill 2026 memorandum.

What next

  • Brokerage

    See every charge on a trade, from brokerage to taxes, and what you actually keep.

  • Crypto tax

    Estimate the flat tax on selling crypto, with no loss set-off, and how the TDS already deducted counts against it.

  • SIP

    See what a fixed monthly investment in a mutual fund could grow to, for a return you assume.

  • Lumpsum

    See what a one-time investment could grow to over the years, for a return you assume.

How it works

For each sale, the gain is the sale value (price times quantity) minus the cost (buy price times quantity) minus any selling expenses. Crypto allows no expenses, only the cost. For listed shares and equity funds bought before 1 February 2018, the cost can be raised to the price on 31 January 2018, but never above the sale value: that is called grandfathering, and it keeps gains made before 2018 out of tax.

The holding period decides short-term or long-term. It must be strictly more than the limit: for a 12-month asset, 12 months exactly is short-term and 12 months and a day is long-term. Debt funds bought from 1 April 2023 and crypto have no split.

Set-off comes next. Losses from the year are set against gains in a fixed order: a short-term loss against short-term gains first and then long-term gains, a long-term loss against long-term gains only. Where several rates apply, the calculator sets losses against the highest-rate gains first, which gives the lowest tax. Then the yearly exemption of ₹1,25,000 is taken off long-term gains on shares and equity funds. What remains is taxed at the flat rate for its bucket, or added to your income at slab rates.

Surcharge is an extra percentage on high incomes. On share and fund gains taxed at flat rates it is capped at 15%. Cess of 4% is added on the tax and surcharge. Every rate comes from the table above, with the date it began.

One worked example

You bought 200 shares at ₹1,000 on 2 Sept 2024 and sold them at ₹1,800 on 20 Aug 2026. You also have ₹25,00,000 of salary, under the new regime with the standard deduction.

  • Gain: ₹3,60,000 minus ₹2,00,000 = ₹1,60,000 (₹1.6 lakh).
  • Held 23 months, which is more than 12, so it is long-term.
  • The yearly exemption takes off ₹1,25,000, leaving ₹35,000 taxed at 12.5% = ₹4,375.
  • Cess at 4% on that tax adds ₹175. The extra tax from this sale is ₹4,550, which is 2.84% of the gain.

What this does not cover

  • Share buy-backs. Their taxation changed in Budget 2026-27 and is not modelled.
  • People aged 60 or more, non-residents and companies. This version is for resident individuals below 60.
  • Indexation of cost, and any sale made under older rules. Sales before 1 April 2024 are not supported, and gold, listed bonds and unlisted shares sold before 23 July 2024 are not either.
  • Debt fund units bought before 1 April 2023, unlisted bonds and market-linked debentures.
  • Property, sovereign gold bonds and sales of listed shares or equity funds without STT paid.
  • Capital losses brought forward from earlier years (the calculator only shows what to carry forward), deductions such as 80C, advance tax, interest for late payment and TDS already paid.

This is an estimate for learning. It does not tell anyone what to do, and it is not tax advice.

Questions people ask

What is STCG and what is LTCG?

STCG is short-term capital gain: the profit on something you sold after holding it for a short time. LTCG is long-term capital gain: the profit after holding it for longer. "Longer" means more than 12 months for listed shares, equity funds and listed bonds, and more than 24 months for gold and unlisted shares. Exactly 12 months is still short-term. For sales from 23 Jul 2024, short-term gains on listed shares are taxed at 20% flat and long-term gains at 12.5% flat.

Why is intraday trading not capital gains?

Shares bought and sold on the same day are treated as speculative business income, and futures and options profits as non-speculative business income. Both are added to your income and taxed at your slab rate, and returns with business income are normally filed in ITR-3. Capital gains rules cover investments that are sold later, such as delivery-based shares and funds. Whether your own trading counts as business or investment depends on the facts, so a chartered accountant is the right person to confirm it.

Can I set off losses?

A short-term capital loss can be set off against both short-term and long-term gains. A long-term capital loss can be set off only against long-term gains. Capital losses cannot reduce salary or other income. An unused loss can be carried forward for 8 years, but only if the return is filed on time. Crypto is different: losses on crypto cannot be set off against anything or carried forward. Trading losses follow separate rules, shown on the Intraday and F&O tab.

What is the ₹1.25 lakh exemption?

For sales from 23 Jul 2024, the first ₹1,25,000 of long-term gains in a financial year on listed shares and equity mutual funds is not taxed. It is one amount for the whole year across all such sales, not one per share, and it is applied after losses have been set off. Gold, bonds, debt funds and unlisted shares do not get it.

What counts as long-term for gold?

For sales on or after 23 Jul 2024, gold (physical gold and gold ETFs) is long-term if held for more than 24 months. The gain is then taxed at 12.5% flat without indexation. A shorter holding is short-term and the gain is added to your income at your slab rate. Sales before that date followed different rules, which this calculator does not cover.

Do I pay tax if my income is low?

Possibly not. For a resident individual, any part of the basic exemption limit that your other income does not use can be set against gains taxed at flat rates, and the section 87A rebate can cancel the slab tax at lower incomes. The rebate does not always apply to gains taxed at a flat rate, so the receipt shows each step. Enter your other income and the calculator applies these rules, and notes where the law is unclear.

Where the numbers come from